Empress Xiaodexian (12 April 1831 – 24 January 1850), of the

Manchu The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized ethnic minority in China and the people from whom Manchuria derives its name. The Later Jin (1616–1636) and ...

Bordered Yellow Banner The Bordered Yellow Banner () was one of the Eight Banners of Manchu military and society during the Later Jin and Qing dynasty of China. The Bordered Yellow Banner was one of three "upper" banner armies under the direct command of the emperor hi ...

Sakda clan, was a consort of the

Xianfeng Emperor The Xianfeng Emperor (17 July 1831 – 22 August 1861), or by temple name Emperor Wenzong of Qing (), given name Yizhu (), was the eighth Emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the seventh Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigned from 1850 t ...

Life

Family background

Empress Xiaodexian's personal name was not recorded in history. Her family originally belonged to the Bordered Blue Banner. * Father: Futai (), served as a fourth rank literary official () in the

Court of Imperial Sacrifices The Court of Imperial Sacrifices, also known as the Court of Sacrificial Worship, was a central government agency in several imperial Chinese and Vietnamese dynasties. It was generally in charge of conducting major state sacrificial ceremonies a ...

, and held the title of a duke () ** Paternal grandfather: Qichang () ** Paternal grandmother: Lady

Nara The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an " independent federal agency of the United States government within the executive branch", charged with the preservation and documentation of government and historical records. It i ...

* Mother: Lady

Aisin Gioro The House of Aisin-Gioro was a Manchu clan that ruled the Later Jin dynasty (1616–1636), the Qing dynasty (1636–1912), and Manchukuo (1932–1945) in the history of China. Under the Ming dynasty, members of the Aisin Gioro clan served as c ...

** Maternal grandfather: Ulgungga (; 1778–1846), held the title Prince Zheng of the First Rank from 1794–1846,

Jirgalang Jirgalang or Jirhalang (Manchu: 19 November 1599 – June 11, 1655) was a Manchu noble, regent, and political and military leader of the early Qing dynasty. Born in the Aisin Gioro clan, he was the sixth son of Šurhaci, a younger brother of ...

's great great great great grandson ** Maternal uncle:

Duanhua Duanhua (Manchu: ''Duwanhūwa''; 1807 – 1861) was a Manchu prince and regent of the Qing dynasty. Life Duanhua was born in the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan as the third son of Ulgungga (烏爾恭阿), a descendant of Jirgalang, a nephew of Nu ...

(1807–1861), held the title Prince Zheng of the First Rank from 1846–1861, the maternal grandfather of

Empress Xiaozheyi Empress Xiaozheyi (25 July 1854 – 27 March 1875), of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Arute clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and empress consort of Zaichun, the Tongzhi Emperor. She was Empress consort of Qing from 1872 unt ...

(1854–1875) * One sister * One younger brother

Daoguang era

The future Empress Xiaodexian was born on the first day of the third

lunar Lunar most commonly means "of or relating to the Moon". Lunar may also refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Lunar'' (series), a series of video games * "Lunar" (song), by David Guetta * "Lunar", a song by Priestess from the 2009 album ''Prior t ...

month in the 11th year of the reign of the

Daoguang Emperor The Daoguang Emperor (; 16 September 1782 – 26 February 1850), also known by his temple name Emperor Xuanxong of Qing, born Mianning, was the seventh Emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the sixth Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning ...

, which translates to 12 April 1831 in the

Gregorian calendar The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It was introduced in October 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar. The principal change was to space leap years dif ...

. In 1847, Lady Sakda married Yizhu, the fourth son of the

, and became Yizhu's primary consort. She died in January 1850.

Xianfeng era

About a month after her death, the Daoguang Emperor died and was succeeded by Yizhu, who became the

. As the Xianfeng Emperor's primary consort, Lady Sakda was posthumously honoured as Empress, and was interred in the Ding Mausoleum of the

Eastern Qing tombs The Eastern Qing tombs (; ) are an imperial mausoleum complex of the Qing dynasty located in Zunhua, northeast of Beijing. They are the largest, most complete, and best preserved extant mausoleum complex in China. Altogether, five emperors (Shun ...

Titles

* During the reign of the

(r. 1820–1850): ** Lady Sakda (from 12 April 1831) ** Primary consort (; from 31 March 1848) * During the reign of the

(r. 1850–1861): ** ''Empress Xiaode'' (; from 30 November 1850) * During the reign of the

Tongzhi Emperor The Tongzhi Emperor (27 April 1856 – 12 January 1875), born Zaichun of the Aisin Gioro clan, was the ninth List of emperors of the Qing dynasty, Emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the eighth Qing emperor to rule over China proper. His reign, from 1 ...

(r. 1861–1875): ** ''Empress Xiaodexian'' (; from December 1861 or January 1862咸豐十一年十二月)

Notes

References

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Xiaodexian, Empress 1831 births 1850 deaths Qing dynasty posthumous empresses Manchu people 19th-century Chinese women 19th-century Chinese people